2023年度雅思阅读真题解析必备9篇

2023-07-27 12:30:06| 来源：网友投稿

雅思阅读真题解析第1篇READINGPASSAGE1Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13,whicharebasedonReadingPassage1下面是小编为大家整理的雅思阅读真题解析必备9篇,供大家参考。

雅思阅读真题解析必备9篇

雅思阅读真题解析第1篇

READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1

Raising the Mary Rose

How a sixteenth-century warship was recovered from the seabed

On 19 July 1545, English and French fleets were engaged in a sea battle off the coast of southern England in the area of water called the Solent, between Portsmouth and the Isle of Among the English vessels was a warship by the name of Mary Built in Portsmouth some 35 years earlier, she had had a long and successful fighting career, and was a favourite of King Henry Accounts of what happened to the ship vary: while witnesses agree that she was not hit by the French, some maintain that she was outdated, overladen and sailing too low in the water, others that she was mishandled by undisciplined What is undisputed, however, is that the Mary Rose sank into the Solent that day, taking at least 500 men with After the battle, attempts were made to recover the ship, but these

The Mary Rose came to rest on the seabed, lying on her starboard (right) side at an angle of approximately 60 The hull (the body of the ship) acted as a trap for the sand and mud carried by Solent As a result, the starboard side filled rapidly, leaving the exposed port (left) side to be eroded by marine organisms and mechanical Because of the way the ship sank, nearly all of the starboard half survived During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the entire site became covered with a layer of hard grey clay, which minimised further

Then, on 16 June 1836, some fishermen in the Solent found that their equipment was caught on an underwater obstruction, which turned out to be the Mary Diver John Deane happened to be exploring another sunken ship nearby, and the fishermen approached him, asking him to free their Deane dived down, and found the equipment caught on a timber protruding slightly from the Exploring further, he uncovered several other timbers and a bronze Deane continued diving on the site intermittently until 1840, recovering several more guns, two bows, various timbers, part of a pump and various other small

The Mary Rose then faded into obscurity for another hundred But in 1965, military historian and amateur diver Alexander McKee, in conjunction with the British Sub-Aqua Club, initiated a project called ‘Solent Ships’. While on paper this was a plan to examine a number of known wrecks in the Solent, what McKee really hoped for was to find the Mary Ordinary search techniques proved unsatisfactory, so McKee entered into collaboration with Harold Edgerton, professor of electrical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of In 1967, Edgerton’s side-scan sonar systems revealed a large, unusually shaped object, which McKee believed was the Mary

Further excavations revealed stray pieces of timber and an iron But the climax to the operation came when, on 5 May 1971, part of the ship’s frame was McKee and his team now knew for certain that they had found the wreck, but were as yet unaware that it also housed a treasure trove of beautifully preserved Interest in the project grew, and in 1979, The Mary Rose Trust was formed, with Prince Charles as its President and Dr Margaret Rule its Archaeological The decision whether or not to salvage the wreck was not an easy one, although an excavation in 1978 had shown that it might be possible to raise the While the original aim was to raise the hull if at all feasible, the operation was not given the go-ahead until January 1982, when all the necessary information was

An important factor in trying to salvage the Mary Rose was that the remaining hull was an open This led to an important decision being taken: namely to carry out the lifting operation in three very distinct The hull was attached to a lifting frame via a network of bolts and lifting The problem of the hull being sucked back downwards into the mud was overcome by using 12 hydraulic These raised it a few centimetres over a period of several days, as the lifting frame rose slowly up its four It was only when the hull was hanging freely from the lifting frame, clear of the seabed and the suction effect of the surrounding mud, that the salvage operation progressed to the second In this stage, the lifting frame was fixed to a hook attached to a crane, and the hull was lifted completely clear of the seabed and transferred underwater into the lifting This required precise positioning to locate the legs into the ‘stabbing guides’ of the lifting The lifting cradle was designed to fit the hull using archaeological survey drawings, and was fitted with air bags to provide additional cushioning for the hull’s delicate timber The third and final stage was to lift the entire structure into the air, by which time the hull was also supported from Finally, on 11 October 1982, millions of people around the world held their breath as the timber skeleton of the Mary Rose was lifted clear of the water, ready to be returned home to

Questions 1-4

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?

In boxes 1-4 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1 There is some doubt about what caused the Mary Rose to

2 The Mary Rose was the only ship to sink in the battle of 19 July

3 Most of one side of the Mary Rose lay undamaged under the

4 Alexander McKee knew that the wreck would contain many valuable historical

Questions 5-8

Look at the following statements (Questions 5-8) and the list of dates

Match each statement with the correct date,

Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes 5-8 on your answer

5 A search for the Mary Rose was

6 One person’s exploration of the Mary Rose site

7 It was agreed that the hull of the Mary Rose should be

8 The site of the Mary Rose was found by

List of Dates

A 1836 E 1971

B 1840 F 1979

C 1965 G 1982

D 1967

Questions 9-13

Label the diagram

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each

Write your answers in boxes 9-13 on your answer

Raising the hull of the Mary Rose: Stages one and two

READING PASSAGE 2

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 on the following

Questions 14-20

Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs,

Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings

Write the correct number, i-ix, in boxes 14-20 on your answer

List of Headings

i Evidence of innovative environment management practices

ii An undisputed answer to a question about the moai

iii The future of the moai statues

iv A theory which supports a local belief

v The future of Easter Island

vi Two opposing views about the Rapanui people

vii Destruction outside the inhabitants’ control

viii How the statues made a situation worse

ix Diminishing food resources

14 Paragraph A

15 Paragraph B

16 Paragraph C

17 Paragraph D

18 Paragraph E

19 Paragraph F

20 Paragraph G

What destroyed the civilisation of Easter Island?

A Easter Island, or Rapu Nui as it is known locally, is home to several hundred ancient human statues ?— the After this remote Pacific island was settled by the Polynesians, it remained isolated for All the energy and resources that went into the moai — some of which are ten metres tall and weigh over 7,000 kilos — came from the island Yet when Dutch explorers landed in 1722, they met a Stone Age The moai were carved with stone tools, then transported for many kilometres, without the use of animals or wheels, to massive stone The identity of the moai builders was in doubt until well into the twentieth Thor Heyerdahl, the Norwegian ethnographer and adventurer, thought the statues had been created by pre-lnca peoples from Bestselling Swiss author Erich von Daniken believed they were built by stranded Modern science — linguistic, archaeological and genetic evidence — has definitively proved the moai builders were Polynesians, but not how they moved their Local folklore maintains that the statues walked, while researchers have tended to assume the ancestors dragged the statues somehow, using ropes and

B When the Europeans arrived, Rapa Nui was grassland, with only a few scrawny In the 1970s and 1980s, though, researchers found pollen preserved in lake sediments, which proved the island had been covered in lush palm forests for thousands of Only after the Polynesians arrived did those forests US scientist Jared Diamond believes that the Rapanui people — descendants of Polynesian settlers — wrecked their own They had unfortunately settled on an extremely fragile island — dry, cool, and too remote to be properly fertilised by windblown volcanic When the islanders cleared the forests for firewood and farming, the forests didn’t grow As trees became scarce and they could no longer construct wooden canoes for fishing, they ate Soil erosion decreased their crop Before Europeans arrived, the Rapanui had descended into civil war and cannibalism, he The collapse of their isolated civilisation, Diamond writes, is a ‘worst-case scenario for what may lie ahead of us in our own future’.

C The moai, he thinks, accelerated the Diamond interprets them as power displays by rival chieftains who, trapped on a remote little island, lacked other ways of asserting their They competed by building ever bigger Diamond thinks they laid the moai on wooden sledges, hauled over log rails, but that required both a lot of wood and a lot of To feed the people, even more land had to be When the wood was gone and civil war began, the islanders began toppling the By the nineteenth century none were

D Archaeologists Terry Hunt of the University of Hawaii and Carl Lipo of California State University agree that Easter Island lost its lush forests and that it was an ‘ecological catastrophe’ — but they believe the islanders themselves weren’t to And the moai certainly weren’ Archaeological excavations indicate that the Rapanui went to heroic efforts to protect the resources of their wind-lashed, infertile They built thousands of circular stone windbreaks and gardened inside them, and used broken volcanic rocks to keep the soil In short, Hunt and Lipo argue, the prehistoric Rapanui were pioneers of sustainable

E Hunt and Lipo contend that moai-building was an activity that helped keep the peace between They also believe that moving the moai required few people and no wood, because they were walked On that issue, Hunt and Lipo say, archaeological evidence backs up Rapanui Recent experiments indicate that as few as 18 people could, with three strong ropes and a bit of practice, easily manoeuvre a 1,000 kg moai replica a few hundred The figures’ fat bellies tilted them forward, and a D-shaped base allowed handlers to roll and rock them side to

F Moreover, Hunt and Lipo are convinced that the settlers were not wholly responsible for the loss of the island’s Archaeological finds of nuts from the extinct Easter Island palm show tiny grooves, made by the teeth of Polynesian The rats arrived along with the settlers, and in just a few years, Hunt and Lipo calculate, they would have overrun the They would have prevented the reseeding of the slow-growing palm trees and thereby doomed Rapa Nui’s forest, even without the settlers’ campaign of No doubt the rats ate birds’ eggs Hunt and Lipo also see no evidence that Rapanui civilisation collapsed when the palm forest They think its population grew rapidly and then remained more or less stable until the arrival of the Europeans, who introduced deadly diseases to which islanders had no Then in the nineteenth century slave traders decimated the population, which shrivelled to 111 people by

G Hunt and Lipo’s vision, therefore, is one of an island populated by peaceful and ingenious moai builders and careful stewards of the land, rather than by reckless destroyers ruining their own environment and ‘Rather than a case of abject failure, Rapu Nui is an unlikely story of success’, they Whichever is the case, there are surely some valuable lessons which the world at large can learn from the story of Rapa

Questions 21-24

Complete the summary

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each

Write your answers in boxes 21-24 on your answer

Jared Diamond’s View

Diamond believes that the Polynesian settlers on Rapa Nui destroyed its forests, cutting down its trees for fuel and clearing land for 21 Twentieth-century discoveries of pollen prove that Rapu Nui had once been covered in palm forests, which had turned into grassland by the time the Europeans arrived on the When the islanders were no longer able to build the 22 __________ they needed to go fishing, they began using the island’s 23 __________ as a food source, according to Diamond also claims that the moai were built to show the power of the island’s chieftains, and that the methods of transporting the statues needed not only a great number of people, but also a great deal of 24

Questions 25 and 26

Choose TWO letters,

Write the correct letters in boxes 25 and 26 on your answer

On what points do Hunt and Lipo disagree with Diamond?

A the period when the moai were created

B how the moai were transported

C the impact of the moai on Rapanui society

D how the moai were carved

E the origins of the people who made the moai

READING PASSAGE 3

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3

Neuroaesthetics

An emerging discipline called neuroaesthetics is seeking to bring scientific objectivity to the study of art, and has already given us a better understanding of many The blurred imagery of Impressionist paintings seems to stimulate the brain’s amygdala, for Since the amygdala plays a crucial role in our feelings, that finding might explain why many people find these pieces so

Could the same approach also shed light on abstract twentieth-century pieces, from Mondrian’s geometrical blocks of colour, to Pollock’s seemingly haphazard arrangements of splashed paint on canvas? Sceptics believe that people claim to like such works simply because they are We certainly do have an inclination to follow the When asked to make simple perceptual decisions such as matching a shape to its rotated image, for example, people often choose a definitively wrong answer if they see others doing the It is easy to imagine that this mentality would have even more impact on a fuzzy concept like art appreciation, where there is no right or wrong

Angelina Hawley-Dolan, of Boston College, Massachusetts, responded to this debate by asking volunteers to view pairs of paintings — either the creations of famous abstract artists or the doodles of infants, chimps and They then had to judge which they A third of the paintings were given no captions, while many were labelled incorrectly — volunteers might think they were viewing a chimp’s messy brushstrokes when they were actually seeing an acclaimed In each set of trials, volunteers generally preferred the work of renowned artists, even when they believed it was by an animal or a It seems that the viewer can sense the artist’s vision in paintings, even if they can’t explain

Robert Pepperell, an artist based at Cardiff University, creates ambiguous works that are neither entirely abstract nor clearly In one study, Pepperell and his collaborators asked volunteers to decide how ‘powerful’ they considered an artwork to be, and whether they saw anything familiar in the The longer they took to answer these questions, the more highly they rated the piece under scrutiny, and the greater their neural It would seem that the brain sees these images as puzzles, and the harder it is to decipher the meaning, the more rewarding is the moment of

And what about artists such as Mondrian, whose paintings consist exclusively of horizontal and vertical lines encasing blocks of colour? Mondrian’s works are deceptively simple, but eye-tracking studies confirm that they are meticulously composed, and that simply rotating a piece radically changes the way we view With the originals, volunteers’ eyes tended to stay longer on certain places in the image, but with the altered versions they would flit across a piece more As a result, the volunteers considered the altered versions less pleasurable when they later rated the

In a similar study, Oshin Vartanian of Toronto University asked volunteers to compare original paintings with ones which he had altered by moving objects around within the He found that almost everyone preferred the original, whether it was a Van Gogh still life or an abstract by Vartanian also found that changing the composition of the paintings reduced activation in those brain areas linked with meaning and

In another experiment, Alex Forsythe of the University of Liverpool analysed the visual intricacy of different pieces of art, and her results suggest that many artists use a key level of detail to please the Too little and the work is boring, but too much results in a kind of ‘perceptual overload’; according to What’s more, appealing pieces both abstract and representational, show signs of ‘fractals’ — repeated motifs recurring in different Fractals are common throughout nature, for example in the shapes of mountain peaks or the branches of It is possible that our visual system, which evolved in the great outdoors, finds it easier to process such

It is also intriguing that the brain appears to process movement when we see a handwritten letter, as if we are replaying the writer’s moment of This has led some to wonder whether Pollock’s works feel so dynamic because the brain reconstructs the energetic actions the artist used as he This may be down to our brain’s ‘mirror neurons’, which are known to mimic others’ The hypothesis will need to be thoroughly tested, It might even be the case that we could use neuroaesthetic studies to understand the longevity of some pieces of While the fashions of the time might shape what is currently popular, works that are best adapted to our visual system may be the most likely to linger once the trends of previous generations have been

It’s still early days for the field of neuroaesthetics — and these studies are probably only a taste of what is to It would, however, be foolish to reduce art appreciation to a set of scientific We shouldn’t underestimate the importance of the style of a particular artist, their place in history and the artistic environment of their Abstract art offers both a challenge and the freedom to play with different In some ways, it’s not so different to science, where we are constantly looking for systems and decoding meaning so that we can view and appreciate the world in a new

Questions 27-30

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or

Write the correct letter in boxes 27-30 on your answer

27 In the second paragraph, the writer refers to a shape-matching test in order to illustrate

A the subjective nature of art

B the reliance of modern art on abstract

C our tendency to be influenced by the opinions of

D a common problem encountered when processing visual

28 Angelina Hawley-Dolan’s findings indicate that people

A mostly favour works of art which they know

B hold fixed ideas about what makes a good work of

C are often misled by their initial expectations of a work of

D have the ability to perceive the intention behind works of

29 Results of studies involving Robert Pepperell’s pieces suggest that people

A can appreciate a painting without fully understanding

B find it satisfying to work out what a painting

C vary widely in the time they spend looking at

D generally prefer representational art to abstract

30 What do the experiments described in the fifth paragraph suggest about the paintings of Mondrian?

A They are more carefully put together than they

B They can be interpreted in a number of different

C They challenge our assumptions about shape and

D They are easier to appreciate than many other abstract

Questions 31-33

Complete the summary using the list of words, A-H,

Write the correct letters, A-H, in boxes 31-33 on your answer

Art and the Brain

The discipline of neuroaesthetics aims to bring scientific objectivity to the study of Neurological studies of the brain, for example, demonstrate the impact which Impressionist paintings have on our 31 Alex Forsythe of the University of Liverpool believes many artists give their works the precise degree of 32 __________ which most appeals to the viewer’s She also observes that pleasing works of art often contain certain repeated 33 __________ which occur frequently in the natural

A interpretation B complexity C emotions

D movements E skill F layout

G concern H images

Questions 34-39

Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in Reading Passage 3?

In boxes 34-39 on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement agrees with the views of the writer

NO if the statement contradicts the views of the writer

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

34 Forsythe’s findings contradicted previous beliefs on the function of ‘fractals’ in

35 Certain ideas regarding the link between ‘mirror neurons’ and art appreciation require further

36 People’s taste in paintings depends entirely on the current artistic trends of the

37 Scientists should seek to define the precise rules which govern people’s reactions to works of

38 Art appreciation should always involve taking into consideration the cultural context in which an artist

39 It is easier to find meaning in the field of science than in that of

Question 40

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or

Write the correct letter in box 40 on your answer

40 What would be the most appropriate subtitle for the article?

A Some scientific insights into how the brain responds to abstract art

B Recent studies focusing on the neural activity of abstract artists

C A comparison of the neurological bases of abstract and representational art

D How brain research has altered public opinion about abstract art

雅思阅读真题解析第2篇

Reading Passage 1

话题分类

自然科学类

内容概述

Keep a watchful eye on the bridge

Most road and rail bridges are only inspected visually, if at Every few months, engineers have to clamber over the structure in an attempt to find problems before the bridge shows obvious signs of Technologies developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico, and Texas A&M University may replace these surveys with microwave sensors that constantly monitor the condition of

“The device uses microwaves to measure the distance between the sensor and the bridge, much like radar does,” says Albert Migliori, a Los Alamos physicist “Any load on the bridge – such as traffic induces displacements, which change that distance as the bridge moves up and ” By monitoring these movements over several minutes, the researchers can find out how the bridge Changes in its behaviour can give an early warning of

The Interstate 40 bridge over the Rio Grande river in Albuquerque provided the researchers with a rare opportunity to text their Chuck Farrar, an engineer at Los Alamos, explains: “The New Mexico authorities decided to raze this bridge and replace We were able to mount instruments on it, test it under various load conditions and even inflict damage just before it was ” In the 1960s and 1970s, 2500 similar bridges were built in the They have two steel girders supporting the load in each Highway experts know that this design is “fracture critical” because a failure in either girder would cause the bridge to

After setting up the microwave dish on the ground below the bridge, the Los Alamos team installed conventional accelerometers at several points along the span to measure its They then tested the bridge while traffic roared across it and while subjecting it to pounding from a “shaker”, which delivered precise punches to a specific point on the

“We then created damage that we hoped would simulate fatigue cracks that can occur in steel girders,” says They first cut a slot about 60 centimetres long in the middle of one They then extended the cut until it reached the bottom of the girder and finally they cut across the flange – the bottom of the girder"s “I”

The initial, crude analysis of the bridge"s behaviour, based on the frequency at which the bridge resonates, did not indicate that anything was wrong until the flange was But later the data were re-analysed with algorithms that took into account changes in the mode shapes of the structure – shapes that the structure takes on when excited at a particular These more sophisticated algorithms, which were developed by Norris Stubbs at Texas A&M University, successfully identified and located the damage caused by the initial

“When any structure vibrates, the energy is distributed throughout with some points not moving, while others vibrate strongly at various frequencies,” says “My algorithms use pattern recognition to detect changes in the distribution of this ” NASA already uses Stubbs" method to check the behaviour of the body flap that slows space shuttles down after they

A commercial system based on the Los Alamos hardware is now available, complete with the Stubbs algorithms, from the Quatro Corporation in Albuquerque for about $100, Tim Darling, another Los Alamos physicist working on the microwave interferometer with Migliori, says that as the electronics become cheaper, a microwave inspection system will eventually be applied to most large bridges in the “In a decade I would like to see a battery or solar-powered package mounted under each bridge, scanning it every day to detect changes,” he

题目回忆

选择题(4道)

How did the traditional way to prevent damage of the bridges before the invention of new monitoring system?

bridges has to be tested in every movement on two points

bridges has to be closely monitored by microwave devices

bridges has already been monitored by sensors

bridges has to be frequently inspected by professional workers with naked eyes

How do the new microwave monitors find out the problems of bridges?

by changeling the distance between the positions of devices

by controlling the traffic flow on the bridges

by monitoring the distance caused by traffic between two points

by displacement of the several critical parts in the bridges

Why did the expert believe there is a problem for the design called “fracture critical”?

Engineers failed to apply the newly developed construction materials

There was not enough finance to repair the bridges

the supporting parts of the bridges may crack and cause the bridge to fail

There were bigger traffic load conditions than the designers had anticipated

Defect was not recognized by a basic method in the beginning

until the mid of faces of bridges has fractures

until the damage appears along and down to the flanges

until the points on the road have been punched

until the frequency of resonates appears disordered

结构图填空题(4道

Something circular, appear below the bridge microwave dish

Something small, appear along the bridge accelerometers

Two things under the bridge and are supporting it steel girders

Something under the bridge with a “L” (or “I”) shape flange

段落信息匹配题(5道)

how is the pressure that they have many a great chance to test bridges C

a ten-year positive change for microwave device H

the chance they get an honorable contract G

explanation of the mechanism for the new microwave monitoring to work B

how is the damage deliberately created by the researchers E

参考阅读

C7TBS3(G类)

Reading Passage 2话题分类

自然科学类

内容概述

The Future of Fabric and Fiber

文章讨论了一种用来制作衣服的复合纤维。文中用传统服装面料的缺点(如透气性不好)与这种新型的纺织面料的优点(透气性好、舒适柔软)做对比。提到这种纤维之前主要是用于航天事业，如今逐渐大众化。

题目回忆

选择题(6道)

(待补充)

填空题(5道)

Barriers

Hollow

Static electricity

Space

(待补充)

信息匹配题

(待补充)

参考阅读

C9T1P1

Reading Passage 3话题分类

人文科学类

内容概述

Discovering the language families

语言学家 Joseph Greenberg，发现许多语言来自同一个语系。对于这个观点，有人表示反对，他们认为Joseph Greenberg使用的研究方法及数据太过简单，具有偶然性。而另外一些人则对该观点表示认同，并就语言的起源展开讨论。

题目回忆

选择题

(待补充)

人名观点匹配题

(待补充)

判断题(4道)

雅思阅读真题解析第3篇

剑桥雅思7G类阅读真题

参考解析：

SECTION 3

篇章结构

体裁：说明文

主要内容：介绍了艾恩布里奇铁桥的历史及其建造历程。关于铁桥的建造方法存在不同意见，瑞典的一幅水彩画展示出了铁桥的建造方法，经过调查研究证明该方法是可行的。

文章结构：

A段：简单介绍了艾恩布里奇铁桥的地理位置及历史意义。

B段：塞文河曾经的盛况，欧洲最为繁忙的河道之一。

C段：巴兹尔·布鲁克和亚伯拉罕·达比一世的贡献。

D段：亚伯拉罕·达比二世有在塞文河上建造大桥的想法，而最终由亚伯拉罕·达比三世将此想法付诸实施。

E段：铁桥的修建过程：1778-1779年冬铸造完成构件，1781年正式使用。

F段：铁桥的修建之谜，一幅水彩画的出现为铁桥的建造提供了新的解释。

G段：瑞典水彩画中对铁桥建造过程的描绘颠覆了所有历史学家先前的假设，针对水彩画中描绘的方法很多人进行了调查研究来验证其适用与否。

H段：研究结果告诉我们更多有关这座桥是如何被建造的信息。

I段：有关铁桥的故事仍有一个未解之谜。

试题解析

Questions 28-31

·题型：SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS 简答题

·题目解析：

题号题目定位词答案位置题解

28 when, the furnace, constructed C段

第1行注意题目要求ONE NUMBER ONLY只能是1个数字。题目均是由特殊疑问词when提问的，所以首先确定答案形式全都是数字，表时间或年代。建议考生可以把全文中所有表时间、年代的数字都画出来，这样就会一目了然，缩小了寻找答案的范围。然后利用顺序原则，细致比较原文中时间点附近的单词是否与题目中的关键词有同义替换表达，进而确定最佳答案。

题目问熔炉的建造时间。题目中the constructed与原文中C段第1行中的…and built a furnace对应：In 1638, Basil Brooke patented a steel-making process and built a furnace at This later became the property of Abraham 原文表明达比所买的那个熔炉是在1638年被修建的，所以年份1638是答案。

29 when, roads, leading to the bridge, completed E段

第5、6行题目问通往桥的路何时修建完成。题目中定位词roads leading to the bridge completed 对应原文E段第5行的 roads continued for another two years, and the bridge was opened to traffic in 本句中的another two years(又两年)是建立在前文所说的1779年的基础之上的，所以年份1781是答案。

30 when, bridge closed to traffic E段

倒数第3行题目问桥何时停止运输。题目中定位词bridge closed to traffic对应原文E段倒数第3行的Since 1934 the bridge has been open only to (自1934年以来，大桥一直只对行人开放。)只对行人开放，就表明停止了运输功能，所以年份1934是答案。

31 when, model of the bridge, built G段

第6行、7行题目问桥的模型何时建成。根据定位词model of the bridge built找到原文G段第6至7行的So in 20XX a half-scale model of the bridge was (因此在20XX年，1:2比例的铁桥模型被建造。)很明显，年份20XX是答案。

题号题目定位词答案位置题解

32 no written evidence, how, bridge was constructed F段

第1行题目：没有书面证据来证明最初的铁桥是怎样被建造的。

原文：It has always been a mystery how the bridge was 铁桥到底是如何建造的始终是一个谜。

必要分析：原文中的It has always been a mystery与题目中的no written evidence都指没有证据的未解之进，两者陈述明显一致，互相符合，所以选TRUE。

33 Elias Martin, only F段

倒数1-4行题目：伊莱亚斯·马丁的画是唯一一幅展现铁桥初建成的新貌的画作。

原文：In 1997 a small watercolour sketch by Elias Martin came to light in the Swedish capital, Although there is a wealth of early views of the bridge by numerous artists, this is the only one which actually shows it under 1997年瑞典人伊莱亚斯·马丁的一小幅水彩画现身瑞典首都斯德哥尔摩。虽然已有众多的艺术家描绘了桥梁初建成的情况，但却只有这件作品描绘了铁桥正在建设中的情景。

必要分析：题目中说此画展示了大桥新建成时的风貌，原文中说此画展示了大桥正在建设时的风貌。题目与文中事实陈述明显抵触，所以选FALSE。

34 painting, constructed, two banks C段

第1-5行题目：图画展示了铁桥是从两岸建造起来的。

原文：Up until recently it had been assumed that the bridge had been built from both the picture clearly shows sections of the bridge being raised from a barge in the It contradicted everything historians had assumed about the 一直到最近始终有一种推测，桥梁建造工程可能是从河两岸同时开始……但这幅水彩画清晰地显示出，桥梁构件被河上的一艘驳船托起。这颠覆了所有历史学家先前的假设。

必要分析：原文中说水彩画中的信息颠覆了历史学家先前的假设，(包含了历史学家们所假设的铁桥是从两岸开始建造的观点)，题目与原文内容相抵触，所以答案为FALSE。

35 original bridge, model G段

第6-8行题目：最初的铁桥及其模型花费了同样的时间去建造。

原文：So in 20XX a half-scale model of the bridge was built, in order to see if it could have been constructed in the way depicted in the 因此在20XX年，1:2比例的铁桥模型被建造，用来验证铁桥是否真的可以用水彩画中描绘的方式建成。

必要分析：题目是在比较最初的铁桥和桥的模型所花费的建造时间。原文提到了模型开始建造的时间，却没有提到建成的时间，所以无法比较是否花费了等量的时间去建造。就此话题，原文中没有任何信息，所以答案为NOT GIVEN。

36 Elias Martin, other paintings I段

第3-5行题目：人们认为伊莱亚斯·马丁还有其他关于大桥的图画。

原文：It had been drawn by a Swedish artist who lived in London for 12 years and … but perhaps the other sketches still exist 这幅水彩画由一位旅居伦敦12年的瑞典画家所绘……有可能其他的草图仍然流藏在某个地方。

必要分析：题目中have made other paintings of the bridge与原文中perhaps the other sketches still exist somewhere都指可能还有其他有关该桥的图画，两者陈述明显一致，互相符合，所以答案为TRUE。剑桥雅思G类真题

参考解析：

Questions 37-40

·题型：MATCHING段落与相关信息的搭配题

·题目解析：

题号题目定位词答案位置题解

37 why, bridge, across the River Severn D段

第1、2行题目：大桥需要横跨塞文河的原因

原文：
had the idea of building a bridge over the Severn, as ferrying stores of all kinds across the 他的儿子，亚伯拉罕·达比二世，作为铸铁业的先锋人物，早就有在塞文河上建造一座大桥的想法，以便把各种货物运过河对岸。

必要分析：原文讲述了亚伯拉罕·达比二世建造大桥的原因在于运送货物，很明显这就是题目中所指的原因。所以37题的信息来自于D段，答案为D。

38 a method used to raise money E段

第6、7行题目：用来筹集资金建造铁桥的方法

原文：Abraham Darby III funded the bridge by commissioning paintings and 亚伯拉罕·达比三世利用绘画和雕刻的佣金来资助桥梁修建……

必要分析：题目中money与原文中fund对应;原文讲了建桥资金的来源，所以38题的信息来自于E段，答案为E。

39 why Coalbrookdale, attractive, iron makers C段

第5-8行题目：科尔布鲁克代尔地区对铁制造者有吸引力的原因

原文：This led to cheaper, more efficient ironmaking from the abundant supplies of coal, iron and limestone in the 当地有丰富的煤矿、铁矿和石灰石资源，这使得炼铁的成本降低了，而且效率更高。

必要分析：此题较难。没有非常明显的同义替换。通过上下文我们了解到，亚伯拉罕·达比搬家的原因就在于他发现来源于煤的焦炭可以替代木炭成为更经济的炼铁燃料。而科尔布魯克代尔地区还有着很多的资源优势可以使炼铁变得成本更低而效率更髙。很明显，这些都是该地区吸引制铁者的原因。文中ironmaking对应题目中的iron makers;the area指的便是Coalbrookdale。39题的信息来自于C段，答案为C。

40 how, sections, were connected H段

第3、4行题目：铁桥的各部分是如何相互连接的?

原文：Instead it was fitted together using a complex system of joints normally used for 与当今的铁制桥梁不同，这座桥的各构件之间既不是焊接而成也不是用螺栓固定，而是运用了一种通常用于搭建木质结构的复杂连接工艺。

必要分析：题目中的were connected与原文中的it was fitted normally used for wood相对应。40题的信息来自于H段。答案为H。

雅思阅读真题解析第4篇

Passage1

Question 1

答案：B

关键词：wildlife other than . . do not rely on . .

定位原文：B段第2句: “Bats are not the only creatures to face this difficulty today”.

解题思路: 题目问哪一段举出了除了蝙蝠之外不需要视觉导航的物种的例子，B段中说了被捕猎的昆虫、深海鱼类、鲸鱼、海豚等物种在鲜有光线或者完全黑暗的环境下是如何生活的，比较容易定位。

Question 2

答案：A

关键词: early mammals avoid dying out

定位原文: A段倒数第2句: “In the time when the dinosaurs …”

解题思路: ancestors 等同于early mammals, survive 等同于avoid dying out。

Question 3

答案：A

关键词: why … hunt in the dark

定位原文: A段第5句: “Given that there is a ”

解题思路: 联系上下文，对应句说了物竞天择使蝙蝠晚上捕食，后面说了这个可能追溯到过去，那时恐龙白天捕食，使哺乳动物不得不晚上捕食

Question 4

答案：E

关键词：a particular discovery

定位原文: E段倒数第2句话 “… and much of our scientific understanding of the ”

解题思路: 理解定位句意义：大多数关于蝙蝠行为细节的科学理解都是利用雷达理论完成的

Question 5

答案：D

关键词：
early military echolocation

定位原文: D段倒数第2句和最后1句: “After this technique had been ” “Both sides in the Second World War ”

解题思路: 第二次世界大战可以对应early一词。

Question 6

答案：phantom

关键词：
facial vision / pain / arm or leg

定位原文: D段第5句 “… like the referred pain in a phantom limb”

解题思路: 通过填空题的小标题“Facial Vision”，首先可以把此题迅速定位到文章的D段，紧接着可以在D段的第5句寻找到定位关键词referred pain。

Question 7

答案：echoes/obstacles

关键词：perceiving / ears

定位原文: D段第6句、第7句 “The sensation of facial vision… the presence of obstacles”.

解题思路: 此题需要将两句话放在一起理解：而感视觉是通过耳朵传输的，尽管盲人并没有意识到这一点，但现实生活中他们的确在运用自己的步伐以及其他声音的回声来感觉路上障碍物的存在。perceive一词在雅思学术类阅读考试当中多次出现，是“感知;感觉;察觉”的意思，相当于原文中的sense。综上分析得出答案echoes或obstacles。

Question 8

答案：depth

关键词: before / instruments / calculated / seabed

定位原文: D段倒数第3句: “… for example to measure the depth of the sea under a ship”

解题思路: 按照解题顺序，找到介词before，接着找到instruments，并很快找到题目中关键词 calculated的同义同measure，然后就以顺利找到正确答案depth。

Question 9

答案：submarines

关键词：wartime / finding

定位原文: D段倒数第2句：“After this technique had been invented…”

解题思路: 看到weapons designers 可以联想到wartime, detection是探测的意思，与题目中的finding同义，由此可知答案是这里特別提醒考生，如果不变复数是不得分的。

Question 10

答案: natural selection

关键词：radar/ resulted in/ radar-like / bats

定位原文: E段第1句: “… or rather natural selection…”

解题思路: 题目：早在雷达发明之前，是什么在蝙蝠身上进化出了复杂的类雷达系统呢? Sophisticated一词指“稍密的;复杂的”。根据题意, 考生需要寻找一个蝙蝠拥有精确定位本领的原因。原因连接词在这用并没有出现，但perfect一词却可以告诉我们是自然选择使然，所以正确答案是 natural selection。

Question 11

答案：radio waves/echoes

关键词: not used

定位原文: E段第2句: “It is technically incorrect to…”

解题思路: 题目说蝙蝠也使用雷达实际上是不正确的，因为在导航的时候它们根本没有使用____。not used是关键词，题目中以被动语态的形式出现，文章中则变成主动语态，但因为核心动词use 没有改变，所以此题很简单，正确答案是radio waves。

Question 12

答案：mathematical theories

关键词：radar / sonar/ similar

定位原文: E段第4句: “But the underlying mathematical theories…”

解题思路: 题目：雷达和声呐是基于相似的____。先在E段后部找到radar和sonar两个关键词，接着找到similar，空里要填的名词应该就不远了。此处语序有所变动，但是仍然很容易找到答案mathematical theories，因为题干中要求最多用两个词填空，因此前面的underlying就不能填了。

Question 13

答案：zoologist

关键词：
echolocation/ first / someone

定位原文: E段最后1句: “The American zoologist…”

解题思路: 第一次使用声呐一词的人的职业是____。只要知道coin词有“发明;创造;杜撰”的意思，就能轻易联想到first used。而根据文章，这个词是由一个叫Donald Griffin的zoologist发明的，由此得出答案。

Test 1 Passage 2

Question 14

答案：xi

关键词：ancient

定位原文: A段最后1句出现了the Roman Empire

解题思路: 本段第1句定下了段落的主要内容为古代对水资源的管理，接下来讲了城镇的发展带来大坝和引水渠的发展，最后讲述了罗马帝国鼎盛时期的水利系统。因此本段的主题是古代的供水系统。

Question 15

答案：
vii

关键词：health

定位原文: C段倒数第2句出现 sanitation, 最后一句“preventable water-related diseases kill…”

解题思路: C段最后1句说到：每天大约1-2万名儿童死于与水相关的各种可预防性疾病，新证据表明我们解决上述问题的力度还远远不够。虽然不能够在首句就感觉到这一段是在谈健康与水供给之间的关系，但是看了下面的文字，就可感觉到作者在谈健康,特别是sanitation一词出现后，基本可以确定答案是vii 。

Question 16

答案：
v

关键词：effect

定位原文: D段从第2句开始的整个段落

解题思路: D段是一个描述性段落。第1句话就说“我们水资源政策的后果远非仅仅危及人类健康那么简单”，承上启下，显然这一段不是讲健康了，但同时我们也更加确认C段是在讲健康方面的问题，那么个人健康讲完了，要不要讲一下地球的健康呢?于是考生在这一段找到了freshwater fish… threatened… endangered… degrade… soil quality… reduce… agricultural productivity… 等等与环境相关的同语，所以不必读到最后，考生应该已经能够看出这道题目的答案是v。

Question 17

答案：i

关键词：revision, policy

定位原文: E段第1句

解题思路: E段首句说: “At the outset of the new millennium，however，the way resource planners think about water is beginning to change”. 这句话当中的changed正好可以与revision相对应。在第三句考生还可以找到Some water experts are now demanding…，这就对上了答案中的scientists call for。在下面考生还可以找到this shift in philosophy，这一点又可以对应纵观全段，shift, shifting等表示变化的词不断出现，所以最合适的答案就是i。

Question 18

答案：
ix

关键词：surprisingly downward

定位原文: F段第1句

解题思路: F段首句说：Fortunately — and unexpectedly — the demand for water is not rising as rapidly as some F段末句提到：And in a few parts of the world, demand has actually 合起来看，正好可以与heading当中的“令人惊奇的下降趋势”相对照，很好选择的一题。

Question 19

答案：
ii

关键词：explanation, reduced

定位原文: G段第1句

解题思路: “What explains this remarkable turn of events?” 此句中的turn of events指的就是F段中提到的水需求量下降一事，所以答案应该选择ii。如果考生把F段和G段连起来看的话，会发现选项的逻辑连贯性。

ix: a surprising downward trend in demand for water

ii: an explanation for reduced water use

Question 20

答案: x

关键词：raise, standard

定位原文: H段第2句: “But such projects must be…”

解题思路: H段第2句的higher specifications等于选项中的raise standards，也比较容易理解答案是x。

Question 21

答案：NO

关键词：Ancient Rome

定位原文: A段最后1句：“At the height of the Roman Empire…” 在罗马帝国鼎盛时期，人们修建了9 条主要水利系统，其疏水管道和污水管道均以革新的方式铺设，为城区居民提供用水。当时罗马城内居民人均用水量和现今工业社会很多地区的人均用水量相当。

解题思路:关键词是as much…as，这个词组与题干中的higher than相抵触，两者明显不符。所以答案为NO。

Question 22

答案：
YES

关键词：
irrigation system 或者按照顺序原则定位在B段

定位原文: B段倒数第2句: “Food production has kept pace with …” 食品供应能跟得上人口猛增主要是由于人工灌溉系统的增长使得世界粮食产量提高了40%

解题思路: 题中的feeding increasing population在文中对应Food production has kept pace with soaring populations, 题中的due primarily to变成文中的mainly because of, 而题中的 improved irrigation system则成了文中的expansion of artificial irrigation systems。

Question 23

答案：NOT GIVEN

关键词：ancient Greeks and Romans

定位原文: 在C段第1句 “…with water services inferior to those available to the ancient Greeks and Romans” 世界上有一半的人口享受的供水服务还比不上古希腊和古罗马时期

解题思路: 题干中的古希腊、古罗马终于出现了，但是周围根本没有任何语句表明现代人模仿了他们的水利系统，从上面这句话也完全无法推出这个结论，可见题目是无中生有，属于完全没有提及型的 NOT GIVEN。

Question 24

答案：NO

关键词：
industrial growth

定位原文: F段第3句、第4句: “ Although population, industrial output… has actually fallen”. 尽管在发达国家，人口仍然急剧膨胀，工业和经济依然高速发展，但人们开采地下水和地表水的速度却减缓了下来。在全球某些地区，人们对水资源的需求量甚至下降了。

解题思路: 题目中称工业增长使水需求量整体上升，而文中却说速度放缓，甚至需求量下降，两者显然是抵触的，所以答案是NO。

Question 25

答案：YES

关键词：modem technologies, domestic或者跟随24题顺序找到G段

定位原文: G段第4句 “But since 1980…” 但自从 1980年以来，人均用水量确实是下降了，这主要得益于一系列新技术在家庭及工业节水方面的作用。

解题思路: 文中的decreased对应题目中的reduction, 都指需水量的下降。这是一道很容易辨別的YES。

Question 26

答案：NOT GIVEN

关键词：
government, water infrastructures

定位原文: H段位于第1句的infrastructure

解题思路: 原文只是说未来还会建各种设施，但没有提到国家是否应该拥有水利设施

Test 1 Passage 3

Question 27

答案：D

关键词：Educating Psyche

定位原文: 第1段首句：“Educating Psyche by Bemie Neville is …”

解题思路: 作者开篇就揭示了本书的主要内容，是关于激进的新型教学法的。题干中的 mainly concern 等同于文中的look at; radical new两个形容词等同于D选项中的not traditional，因此可以判定正确答案是D。个别同学会被C困扰，因为貌似emotion, imagination, unconscious 这样的词在文中第一段也出现了，仔细辨别the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning这句话，就会发现它说的是情感，想象力和潜意识对学习的影响，而不是C答案中情感对想象力及潜意识的影响，这是典型的混淆项。

Question 28

答案：
A

关键词：Lozanov’s theory

定位原文: 第2段第2句 “Besides the laboratory evidence for this…”

解题思路: 这句之后作者马上举出两个例子：读书和听演讲，我们没有记住书的内容，也没记住演讲的主题，却能够较易回忆起书的颜色、装订、字体以及演讲者的容貌举止，甚至是礼堂里坏掉的空调，这些小细节与主题相比微不足道。作者所举的例子形象地说明了题干中所说的“当我们努力要记起什么的时候，我们记住的往往是些无关紧要的细节”，所以正确答案是A

Question 29

答案：
B

关键词：book/lecture

定位原文: 第2段

解题思路: 考生可以将C排除，因为文章并未涉及这个选项的内容。D选项所提到的催眠在第2段根本未被提及，也可以直接排除。A和B两项中，A与文中所述内容不符，文中是用两个例子来说明白我们记忆的时候，记住的往往是无关紧要的细节，而不是用来说明书和演讲对于促进注意力集中的重要性。因此B是正确答案，文中所举的两个例子相当于论据，用来证明他关于教学方法的理论是对充分根据的。

Question 30

答案：C

关键词：Lozanov

定位原文: 第3段倒数第2句 “In suggestopedia, as he called his method…”

解题思路: 选项C中 something other than the curriculum content刚好可以和上句中的shifted away from the curriculum to focus on something peripheral相对应。即使考生根本不认识peripheral一词，也可以从shift away这个词组猜测出来重点被从curriculum上转移到别的东西上去了，然后可以推出正确答案是C

Question 31

答案：FALSE

关键词：
in the fourth paragraph

定位原文: 第4段第4句到第7句 “…the teacher reads the text slowly and solemnly… in the second part … while the teacher reads the text in a normal speaking ”

解题思路: 文中提到教学的两个阶段：音乐从第一阶段的古典音乐到了第二阶段的巴洛克式音乐，老师也从第一阶段的“用缓慢且庄严的语调朗读课文”变成了第二阶段的“用正常声调朗读课文”，这就证明改变的不仅仅是音乐，还有老师的朗读方法

Question 32

答案：FALSE

关键词：prior to

定位原文: 文章第5段第2句: “through meeting with the staff…” 通过与老师以及对这种语言学习方式感到满意的学生的交流，他们形成了一种期待：那就是接下来的学习将是简单轻松的

解题思路: 原文中的easy and pleasant与题目中的demanding互相矛盾，由此可知答案应为FALSE

Question 33

答案：TRUE

关键词：follow-up

定位原文: 第6段第4句：“Such methods are not unusual in language teaching”

解题思路: 这些方式在语言教学中十分寻常。言外之意，暗示教学法跟进课程中所用的教学方法比如games或者improvised dramatisation，在普通教学中也被用到，推测一下，即为跟进课程使用了与传统课堂相似的教学方法。

Question 34

答案：NOT GIVEN

关键词：improvements in their memory

定位原文: 第6段最后1句 “Another difference from conventional teaching is …” 与传统教学模式不同的是，在间接暗示方法下，学生通常可以轻易记住1000个生词以及语法点和成语。

解题思路: 作者仅仅是说采用暗示方法的学生记往了1000个单词，这高于传统教学方法的成果。但是并没有说记住1000个单词，就代表他们的记忆能力有了所谓的提高，从文中给出的证据，我们是无法推知这个结论的。因此答案是NOT GIVEN

Question 35

答案：NOT GIVEN

关键词：teachers

定位原文: 第6段最后1句 “Another difference from conventional teaching is …”

解题思路: 文中提到了suggestopedia及conventional teaching，但主要讲了两者的区别与联系，并未标明教师对两者的偏好，因此答案为NOT

Question 36

答案：TRUE

关键词：
new vocabulary

定位原文: 第6段最后1句 “Another difference from conventional teaching is …” (与传统教学模式的另外一点不同就是在间接暗示方法下，学生通常可以轻易记住1000个生词以及语法点和成语。)

解题思路: conventional teaching等同于题目中的ordinary class, difference 一词就暗示了暗示教学法比传统教学方法的进步，而后面强调学生在暗示方法下可以记住多达1000个新词，显然比在传统教学方法下记忆的更多。因此答案是

Question 37

答案：
F

关键词：hypnosis/ however/a certain amount/convince

定位原文: 第7段第4句: “Lozanov acknowledges that …”

解题思路: 与其他如催眠那样的方法相比，暗示教学法使用了一种不那么直接的暗示方法。然而，Lonazov承认为了说服学生，一定量的37还是必要的，尽管37只是一种38。

从Lozanov acknowledges向后寻找，很快找到a这个冠词，后而就是38空要填的词H placebo,返回头寻找曾经出现在词库里的名词，考生就得到了F ritual

Question 38

答案：H

关键词：hypnosis/ however/a certain amount/convince

定位原文: 第7段第4句: “Lozanov acknowledges that …”

解题思路: 从Lozanov acknowledges向后寻找，很快找到a这个冠词，后而就是38空要填的词H placebo

Question 39

答案：
K

关键词：follow a set procedure/ although/most other teacher

定位原文: 最后1段第1句: “While suggestopedia has gained…”

解题思路: 题目中的句子翻译为：再者，如果暗示教学法要取得成功，教师就必须遵循一套教学流程。尽管Lozanov的方法已经变得很 39 ,然而大多数其他教师的使用结果都是40

文章中说暗示教学法gained some notoriety是此题关键，本来此词是臭名昭著的意思，但在这里贬义褒用，取著名之意。那么K well known 显然就比spectacular更合适了，故39 题应该选K。

Question 40

答案：
G

关键词: follow a set procedure/ although/most other teacher

定位原文: 最后1段第1句: “While suggestopedia has gained…”

解题思路: 根据文章，L的方法是spectacular的。那么教师的结果应该与之相反，因此40空应该填G unspectacular。

雅思阅读真题解析第5篇

Questions 1-8

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1

In boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

1 The plight of the rainforests has largely been ignored by the

2 Children only accept opinions on rainforests that they encounter in their

3 It has been suggested that children hold mistaken views about the ‘pure’ science that they study at

4 The fact that children’s ideas about science form part of a larger framework of ideas means that it is easier to change

5 The study involved asking children a number of yes/no questions such as ‘Are there any rainforests in Africa’

6 Girls are more likely than boys to hold mistaken views about the rainforests’

7 The study reported here follows on from a series of studies that have looked at children’s understanding of

8 A second study has been planned to investigate primary school children’s ideas about

Questions 9-13

The box below gives a list of responses A-P to the questionnaire discussed in Reading Passage

Answer the following questions by choosing the correct responses

Write your answers in boxes 9-13 on your answer

9 What was the children’s most frequent response when asked where the rainforests were

10 What was the most common response to the question about the importance of the rainforests

11 What did most children give as the reason for the loss of the rainforests

12 Why did most children think it important for the rainforests to be protected

13 Which of the responses is cited as unexpectedly uncommon, given the amount of time spent on the issue by the newspapers and television

A There is a complicated combination of reasons for the loss of the

B The rainforests are being destroyed by the same things that are destroying the forests of Western

C Rainforests are located near the

D Brazil is home to the

E Without rainforests some animals would have nowhere to

F Rainforests are important habitats for a lot of

G People are responsible for the loss of the

H The rainforests are a source of

I Rainforests are of consequence for a number of different

J As the rainforests are destroyed, the world gets

K Without rainforests there would not be enough oxygen in the

L There are people for whom the rainforests are

M Rainforests are found in

N Rainforests are not really important to human

O The destruction of the rainforests is the direct result of logging

P Humans depend on the rainforests for their continuing

Question 14

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C, D or

Write your answer in box 14 on your answer

Which of the following is the most suitable title for Reading Passage 1

A The development of a programme in environmental studies within a science curriculum

B Children’s ideas about the rainforests and the implications for course design

C The extent to which children have been misled by the media concerning the rainforests

D How to collect, collate and describe the ideas of secondary school

E The importance of the rainforests and the reasons for their destruction

雅思阅读真题解析第6篇

Question 1题目类型：

题号定位词文中对应点题目解析

15 recipe; age D段第四句D段主要在讲古代女性非常重视面部护理，第三句话提到一份埃及莎草纸上记载了去除面部瑕疵的方法，这句话中的recipes to remove signs of age可以对应题干中的recipe和facial defects caused by aging，故此题选D。

16 perfumes; conquerors in war G段倒数第二句G段主要描述古代香料运输和贸易，倒数第二句的records of tribute and spoils of war可以对应题干中的were presented to conquerors in war，而perfumes也是相互对应，故此题选

17 long hair of girls; marriage F段倒数第二句F段的主旨古代对头发的重视，而倒数第二句话讲到在古代以色列，新娘在婚礼上披着长发以示贞洁，这一句中的brides would their hair long on wedding day as a sign of their virginity和题干中的long hair of girls, special meaning, marriage对应，故此题选F。

18 in abundance;

cosmetics use;

ancient time A段第二句话A段第二句话中的cosmetics have been popular since the dawn of civilization 对应题干的cosmetics use和ancient time;the discovery of a great deal of pertinent archeological material 对应in abundance，故此题选A。

19 eyes; fly-transmitted diseases E段第二句只有E段讲到了眼部化妆，所以答案要在本段找。第二句话末尾处的the eye-paint repelled the little flies that transmitted aye inflammations可以对应题干的关键词，故此题选E。

20 witch craft;beautification B段的第二、三句B段讲到了化妆品最早是用于宗教和治疗目的，之后慢慢开始个人使用，本段是主旨和题干中的witchcraft和beautification对应，故此题选B。

21 more expensive than gold C段第一句C段第一句末尾处提到perfumes at times even exceeded silver and gold in value和题干的信息完全对应，故此题选C。

22 the third millennium BCA段文中并未提到有关香水香料相关记载的具体时间，所以这个信息属于未提及，NOT GIVEN。

23 exclusive C段最后一句题干提到香料仅用于贵族和富人，而C段最后一句的the use of cosmetics became widespread among the lower classes as well as among the wealthy说明穷人也同样使用香料，故此题是FALSE。

24 fish fats; cream D段最后一句题干中的关键词可以和最后一句话中的for those of limited means, scented animal and fish fats were commonly used对应，故此题是TRUE。

25 Bible; the use of kohl for painting the eyes E段倒数第二句E段提及了眼部化妆，倒数第二句中的the use of kohl for painting the eyes is mentioned three times in the Bible和题干对应，故此题TRUE。

26 was worn solely be women

F段第二句F段重点在讲古代人对头发的护理，第二句话中的long hair was always considered a symbol of beauty, and kings, nobles and dignitaries grew their hair long与题干中的worn solely be women矛盾，故此题FALSE。

27 establish a trade route for myrrh G段第三句第三句话提到in order to bring back myrrh seedlings to plant in her temple，并未提到establish a trade route，故此题NOT GIVEN。

雅思阅读真题解析第7篇

READING PASSAGE 1

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1

Let’s Go Bats

A Bats have a problem: how to find their way around in the They hunt at night, and cannot use light to help them find prey and avoid You might say that this is a problem of their own making, one that they could avoid simply by changing their habits and hunting by But the daytime economy is already heavily exploited by other creatures such as Given that there is a living to be made at night, and given that alternative daytime trades are thoroughly occupied, natural selection has favoured bats that make a go of the night-hunting It is probable that the nocturnal trades go way back in the ancestry of all In the time when the dinosaurs dominated the daytime economy, our mammalian ancestors probably only managed to survive at all because they found ways of scraping a living at Only after the mysterious mass extinction of the dinosaurs about 65 million years ago were our ancestors able to emerge into the daylight in any substantial

B Bats have an engineering problem: how to find their way and find their prey in the absence of Bats are not the only creatures to face this difficulty Obviously the night-flying insects that they prey on must find their way about Deep-sea fish and whales have little or no light by day or by Fish and dolphins that live in extremely muddy water cannot see because, although there is light, it is obstructed and scattered by the dirt in the Plenty of other modern animals make their living in conditions where seeing is difficult or

C Given the questions of how to manoeuvre in the dark, what solutions might an engineer consider? The first one that might occur to him is to manufacture light, to use a lantern or a Fireflies and some fish (usually with the help of bacteria) have the power to manufacture their own light, but the process seems to consume a large amount of Fireflies use their light for attracting This doesn’t require a prohibitive amount of energy: a male’s tiny pinprick of light can be seen by a female from some distance on a dark night, since her eyes are exposed directly to the light source However, using light to find one’s own way around requires vastly more energy, since the eyes have to detect the tiny fraction of the light that bounces off each part of the The light source must therefore be immensely brighter if it is to be used as a headlight to illuminate the path, than if it is to be used as a signal to In any event, whether or not the reason is the energy expense, it seems to be the case that, with the possible exception of some weird deep-sea fish, no animal apart from man uses manufactured light to find its way

D What else might the engineer think of? Well, blind humans sometimes seem to have an uncanny sense of obstacles in their It has been given the name ‘facial vision’, because blind people have reported that it feels a bit like the sense of touch, on the One report tells of a totally blind boy who could ride his tricycle at good speed round the block near his home, using facial Experiments showed that, in fact, facial vision is nothing to do with touch or the front of the face, although the sensation may be referred to the front of the face, like the referred pain in a phantom The sensation of facial vision, it turns out, really goes in through the Blind people, without even being aware of the fact, are actually using echoes of their own footsteps and of other sounds, to sense the presence of Before this was discovered, engineers had already built instruments to exploit the principle, for example to measure the depth of the sea under a After this technique had been invented, it was only a matter of time before weapons designers adapted it for the detection of Both sides in the Second World War relied heavily on these devices, under such codenames as Asdic (British) and Sonar (American), as well as Radar (American) or RDF (British), which uses radio echoes rather than sound

E The Sonar and Radar pioneers didn’t know it then, but all the world now knows that bats, or rather natural selection working on bats, had perfected the system tens of millions of years earlier, and their ‘radar’ achieves feats of detection and navigation that would strike an engineer dumb with It is technically incorrect to talk about bat ‘radar’, since they do not use radio It is But the underlying mathematical theories of radar and sonar are very similar, and much of our scientific understanding of the details of what bats are doing has come from applying radar theory to The American zoologist Donald Griffin, who was largely responsible for the discovery of sonar in bats, coined the term ‘echolocation’ to cover both sonar and radar, whether used by animals or by human

Questions 1-5

Reading Passage 1 has five paragraphs,

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A-E, in boxes 1-5 on your answer

NB You may use any letter more than

1 examples of wildlife other than bats which do not rely on vision to navigate by

2 how early mammals avoided dying out

3 why bats hunt in the dark

4 how a particular discovery has helped our understanding of bats

5 early military uses of echolocation

Questions 6-9

Complete the summary

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each

Write your answers in boxes 6-9 on your answer

Facial Vision

Blind people report that so-called ‘facial vision’ is comparable to the sensation of touch on the In fact, the sensation is more similar to the way in which pain from a 6……………arm or leg might be The ability actually comes from perceiving 7……………through the However, even before this was understood, the principle had been applied in the design of instruments which calculated the 8………………of the This was followed by a wartime application in devices for finding 9…………………………

Questions 10-13

Complete the sentences

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each

Write your answers in boxes 10-13 on your answer

10 Long before the invention of radar, …………… had resulted in a sophisticated radar-like system in

11 Radar is an inaccurate term when referring to bats because………… are not used in their navigation

12 Radar and sonar are based on similar ………… .

13 The word ‘echolocation’ was first used by someone working as a ……… .

READING PASSAGE 2

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 on the following

Questions 14-20

Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs,

Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A and C-H from the list of headings

Write the correct number, i-xi, in boxes 14-20 on your answer

List of Headings

i Scientists’ call for a revision of policy

ii An explanation for reduced water use

iii How a global challenge was met

iv Irrigation systems fall into disuse

v Environmental effects

vi The financial cost of recent technological improvements

vii The relevance to health

viii Addressing the concern over increasing populations

ix A surprising downward trend in demand for water

x The need to raise standards

xi A description of ancient water supplies

14 Paragraph A

Example Answer

Paragraph B iii

15 Paragraph C

16 Paragraph D

17 paragraph E

18 paragraph F

19 paragraph G

20 paragraph H

MAKING EVERYDROP COUNT

A The history of human civilisation is entwined with the history of the ways we have learned to manipulate water As towns gradually expanded, water was brought from increasingly remote sources, leading to sophisticated engineering efforts such as dams and At the height of the Roman Empire, nine major systems, with an innovative layout of pipes and well-built sewers, supplied the occupants of Rome with as much water per person as is provided in many parts of the industrial world

B During the industrial revolution and population explosion of the 19th and 20th centuries, the demand for water rose Unprecedented construction of tens of thousands of monumental engineering projects designed to control floods, protect clean water supplies, and provide water for irrigation and hydropower brought great benefits to hundreds of millions of Food production has kept pace with soaring populations mainly because of the expansion of artificial irrigation systems that make possible the growth of 40 % of the world’s Nearly one fifth of all the electricity generated worldwide is produced by turbines spun by the power of falling

C Yet there is a dark side to this picture: despite our progress, half of the world’s population still suffers, with water services inferior to those available to the ancient Greeks and As the United Nations report on access to water reiterated in November 20XX, more than one billion people lack access to clean drinking water; some two and a half billion do not have adequate sanitation Preventable water-related diseases kill an estimated 10,000 to 20,000 children every day, and the latest evidence suggests that we are falling behind in efforts to solve these

D The consequences of our water policies extend beyond jeopardising human Tens of millions of people have been forced to move from their homes — often with little warning or compensation — to make way for the reservoirs behind More than 20 % of all freshwater fish species are now threatened or endangered because dams and water withdrawals have destroyed the free-flowing river ecosystems where they Certain irrigation practices degrade soil quality and reduce agricultural Groundwater aquifers_are being pumped down faster than they are naturally replenished in parts of India, China, the USA and And disputes over shared water resources have led to violence and continue to raise local, national and even international

_underground stores of water

E At the outset of the new millennium, however, the way resource planners think about water is beginning to The focus is slowly shifting back to the provision of basic human and environmental needs as top priority — ensuring ‘some for all,’ instead of ‘more for some’. Some water experts are now demanding that existing infrastructure be used in smarter ways rather than building new facilities, which is increasingly considered the option of last, not first, This shift in philosophy has not been universally accepted, and it comes with strong opposition from some established water Nevertheless, it may be the only way to address successfully the pressing problems of providing everyone with clean water to drink, adequate water to grow food and a life free from preventable water-related

F Fortunately — and unexpectedly — the demand for water is not rising as rapidly as some As a result, the pressure to build new water infrastructures has diminished over the past two Although population, industrial output and economic productivity have continued to soar in developed nations, the rate at which people withdraw water from aquifers, rivers and lakes has And in a few parts of the world, demand has actually

G What explains this remarkable turn of events? Two factors: people have figured out how to use water more efficiently, and communities are rethinking their priorities for water Throughout the first three-quarters of the 20th century, the quantity of freshwater consumed per person doubled on average; in the USA, water withdrawals increased tenfold while the population But since 1980, the amount of water consumed per person has actually decreased, thanks to a range of new technologies that help to conserve water in homes and In 1965, for instance, Japan used approximately 13 million gallons_of water to produce $1 million of commercial output; by 1989 this had dropped to million gallons (even accounting for inflation) — almost a quadrupling of water In the USA, water withdrawals have fallen by more than 20 % from their peak in

H On the other hand, dams, aqueducts and other kinds of infrastructure will still have to be built, particularly in developing countries where basic human needs have not been But such projects must be built to higher specifications and with more accountability to local people and their environment than in the And even in regions where new projects seem warranted, we must find ways to meet demands with fewer resources, respecting ecological criteria and to a smaller

Questions 21-26

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?

In boxes 21-26 on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer

NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

21 Water use per person is higher in the industrial world than it was in Ancient

22 Feeding increasing populations is possible due primarily to improved irrigation

23 Modern water systems imitate those of the ancient Greeks and

24 Industrial growth is increasing the overall demand for

25 Modern technologies have led to a reduction in domestic water

26 In the future, governments should maintain ownership of water

READING PASSAGE 3

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3

EDUCATING PSYCHE

Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning, describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of

Lozanov’s instructional technique is based on the evidence that the connections made in the brain through unconscious processing (which he calls non-specific mental reactivity) are more durable than those made through conscious Besides the laboratory evidence for this, we know from our experience that we often remember what we have perceived peripherally, long after we have forgotten what we set out to If we think of a book we studied months or years ago, we will find it easier to recall peripheral details — the colour, the binding, the typeface, the table at the library where we sat while studying it — than the content on which we were If we think of a lecture we listened to with great concentration, we will recall the lecturer’s appearance and mannerisms, our place in the auditorium, the failure of the air-conditioning, much more easily than the ideas we went to Even if these peripheral details are a bit elusive, they come back readily in hypnosis or when we relive the event imaginatively, as in The details of the content of the lecture, on the other hand, seem to have gone

This phenomenon can be partly attributed to the common counterproductive approach to study (making extreme efforts to memorise, tensing muscles, inducing fatigue), but it also simply reflects the way the brain Lozanov therefore made indirect instruction (suggestion) central to his teaching In suggestopedia, as he called his method, consciousness is shifted away from the curriculum to focus on something The curriculum then becomes peripheral and is dealt with by the reserve capacity of the

The suggestopedic approach to foreign language learning provides a good In its most recent variant (1980), it consists of the reading of vocabulary and text while the class is listening to The first session is in two In the first part, the music is classical (Mozart, Beethoven, Brahms) and the teacher reads the text slowly and solemnly, with attention to the dynamics of the The students follow the text in their This is followed by several minutes of In the second part, they listen to baroque music (Bach, Corelli, Handel) while the teacher reads the text in a normal speaking During this time they have their books During the whole of this session, their attention is passive; they listen to the music but make no attempt to learn the

Beforehand, the students have been carefully prepared for the language learning Through meeting with the staff and satisfied students they develop the expectation that learning will be easy and pleasant and that they will successfully learn several hundred words of the foreign language during the In a preliminary talk, the teacher introduces them to the material to be covered, but does not ‘teach’ Likewise, the students are instructed not to try to learn it during this

Some hours after the two-part session, there is a follow-up class at which the students are stimulated to recall the material Once again the approach is The students do not focus their attention on trying to remember the vocabulary, but focus on using the language to communicate ( through games or improvised dramatisations). Such methods are not unusual in language What is distinctive in the suggestopedic method is that they are devoted entirely to assisting The ‘learning’ of the material is assumed to be automatic and effortless, accomplished while listening to The teacher’s task is to assist the students to apply what they have learned paraconsciously, and in doing so to make it easily accessible to Another difference from conventional teaching is the evidence that students can regularly learn 1000 new words of a foreign language during a suggestopedic session, as well as grammar and

Lozanov experimented with teaching by direct suggestion during sleep, hypnosis and trance states, but found such procedures Hypnosis, yoga, Silva mind-control, religious ceremonies and faith healing are all associated with successful suggestion, but none of their techniques seem to be essential to Such rituals may be seen as Lozanov acknowledges that the ritual surrounding suggestion in his own system is also a placebo, but maintains that without such a placebo people are unable or afraid to tap the reserve capacity of their Like any placebo, it must be dispensed with authority to be Just as a doctor calls on the full power of autocratic suggestion by insisting that the patient take precisely this white capsule precisely three times a day before meals, Lozanov is categoric in insisting that the suggestopedic session be conducted exactly in the manner designated, by trained and accredited suggestopedic

While suggestopedia has gained some notoriety through success in the teaching of modern languages, few teachers are able to emulate the spectacular results of Lozanov and his We can, perhaps, attribute mediocre results to an inadequate placebo The students have not developed the appropriate mind They are often not motivated to learn through this They do not have enough ‘faith’. They do not see it as ‘real teaching’, especially as it does not seem to involve the ‘work’ they have learned to believe is essential to

Questions 27-30

Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or

Write the correct letter in boxes 27-30 on your answer

27 The book Educating Psyche is mainly concerned with

A the power of suggestion in

B a particular technique for learning based on

C the effects of emotion on the imagination and the

D ways of learning which are not

28 Lozanov’s theory claims that, when we try to remember things,

A unimportant details are the easiest to recall

B concentrating hard produces the best

C the most significant facts are most easily

D peripheral vision is not

29 In this passage, the author uses the examples of a book and a lecture to illustrate that

A both of these are important for developing

B his theory about methods of learning is

C reading is a better technique for learning than

D we can remember things more easily under

30 Lozanov claims that teachers should train students to

A memorise details of the

B develop their own sets of indirect

C think about something other than the curriculum

D avoid overloading the capacity of the

Questions 31-36

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 37

In boxes 31-36 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

31 In the example of suggestopedic teaching in the fourth paragraph, the only variable that changes is the

32 Prior to the suggestopedia class, students are made aware that the language experience will be

33 In the follow-up class, the teaching activities are similar to those used in conventional

34 As an indirect benefit, students notice improvements in their

35 Teachers say they prefer suggestopedia to traditional approaches to language

36 Students in a suggestopedia class retain more new vocabulary than those in ordinary

Questions 37-40

Complete the summary using the list of words, A-K,

Write the correct letter, A-K, in boxes 37-40 on your answer

Suggestopedia uses a less direct method of suggestion than other techniques such as However, Lozanov admits that a certain amount of necessary in order to convince students, even if this is just a . Furthermore, if the method is to succeed, teachers must follow a set Although Lozanov’s method has become quite , the results of most other teachers using this method have been .

A spectacular B teaching C lesson

D authoritarian E unpopular F ritual

G unspectacular H placebo I involved

J appropriate K well known

雅思阅读真题解析第8篇

(1) 单词

IELTS普通培训类阅读文章中涉及词汇7000左右，但具备4000左右(即大学英语四级水平)即可应考。单词量不够的考生,应在短期内迅速扩充认知词汇,为看文章做题打下一个良好的基础。

有些考生脱离语境孤立地背单词,这样容易遗忘或混淆单词的意义。如有考生考试时遇到contribution(设计;设法做到)想不起来什么意思,只记得在词汇表里该单词位于contribution(贡献)之后、controversial(有争议的)之前。要解决这个问题,考生可以通过制作单词卡片,正面写英文拼写,背面写中文释义的方法来记忆。每天背一定量的生词,并不断补充,而且还可以打乱次序。当然,最有效的是在上下文,即文章当中记忆单词。

(2) 句子

IELTS阅读中有的题目考的是对于文章中某一句子的理解,若考生领会有偏差,就容易失分。考生应对一些复合句,尤其是双重否定句、比较句、指代句等有一定的了解。在遇到比较复杂的句子的时候,应静下心来,从把握句子主干一一主谓结构着手来分析句子结构。

(3) 速度

几乎任何阅读考试均同时考查阅读速度(speed)与理解精确度(accuracy)。IELTS普通培训类阅读考试要求考生在60分钟的时间里迅速而准确地答题。为赶时间而一味求快或为追求准确而放弃一些题的做法都是不可取的。总的来说,阅读速度的改善不容易一蹴而就,需要大量的练习和长时间的努力。不过,掌握一些阅读技巧,革除一些坏习惯,将有助于看文章时加快速度。

快速阅读最关键的是在扫描文章的时候把握段落的主旨,并做出标记,并且在看完文章后对文章的结构有大致的了解。至于阅读的坏习惯,约有以下几种:

① 边看边读

有的同学由于以前学英语课文的时候有朗读的习惯,碰到英语文章,总是情不自禁地读出声来,或是口里念念有词。这样做的后果,必然是阅读速度降低。解决问题的关键是,一定要树立"看"文章而不是"读"文章的心态。

② 一次只看一个单词

有的同学是逐词逐词地看,一眼只看一个单词.这样做.不仅速度慢, 而且可能会出现这样一种情形:每个单词都认识,但整句话就是理解不了。克服上述逐词阅读坏习惯的方法是争取眼睛在文章中移动的速度逐步加快,一次看一个意群(sense unit)，而不是只看一个单词。意群的划分如例所示：It is possible to use this iron in a vertical position so that you can remove creases from clothes on coat hangers or from

③遇生词则停顿

习惯于在做题的时候先把所有生词查出来的考生,在实战时容易出现碰到生词就停下来思索很长时间以致于打断阅读连贯性的情况。考生应该平时养成根据上下文猜测单词含义的习惯,而对于那些不影响理解的生词,则可以忽略不计。

(4)不根据文章内容而是按自己的臆测做题

IELTS阅读考查的是考生对于所考文章理解，而不是考生的知识面或是对于某个问题的见解。切忌不依照文章内容判断而凭生活常识或个人感觉来答题,在做TRUE/FALSE/NOT GIVEN题的时候尤其要注意这一点。